.

.

jif{ #@, c+s !#, @)%* c;f/ !^ ut] zlgjf/  Vol. 32, No. 13 Saturday June 30, 2001   g]kfn ;+jt\ !!@! lynfYj !) 

>L % af6 zfxL ;Daf]wg

sf]O/fnfsf] /fhLgfdf s]n] c8\Sof] <

cfufdL jh]6 ?= ! va{ gf£g]
{af9L klx/f]df k/L #^ sf] b'Mvb\ d[To'

/fhLgfdf glbP ah]6 kf; x'g glbg] Pdfn]sf] wDsL

ca c;Gt'i6 kIfn] k|dsf] /fhLgfdf gdfUg]

Pdfn]sf sf/0f ;fgf afd ?i6
;a}eGbf u/Lj g} e|i6frf/sf] df/df k5{g\
>L bLlIft /f=;efdf lgjf{lrt

k]ml/ g]kfn aGbsf] 3f]if0ffn] hgtf cGof}ndf


>L % af6 zfxL ;Daf]wg
lx+;f,cft+s lgoGq0f / hgwgsf] ;'/Iffdf hf]8

sf7df8f}+ . >L % dxf/fhflw/fh 1fg]Gb| jL/ ljqmd zfxb]jaf6 ;+;b\sf] aL;f}+ clwj]zgsf] ;+o'Qm j}7snfO{ lxhf] ;Daf]wg ul/aS;+b} lx+;f / cft+snfO{ lgoGq0f u/L hgwgsf] ;'/Iff k|jGwnfO{ ;'b9 agfpg] s'/fdf hf]8 lbOaS;]sf] 5 .

>L % 1fg]Gb|åf/f ul2g;Lg xf]OaS;]kl5 ;+;b\ clwjz]gnfO{ klxnf]kN6 ;Daf]wg aS;+b} zfxL ;]gfnfO{ ;'/Iffsf ax'cfoflds r'gf}ltnfO{ ;fdgf ug{ ;Ifd t'Nofpg] / e|i6frf/ lgoGq0f Pj+ ;'zf;gsf] k|Tofe"lt lbg] s'/fdf hf]8 lbOaS;]sf] 5 . df};"kmaf6 :jb]zL pBf]usf] ljsf; tyf k|j4{g tyf :jb]zL pTkfbgsf] pkef]unfO{ k|d'v k|fyldstf lbOg] ;/sf/sf] gLlt tyf sfo{qmd /x]sf] klg pNn]v ul/aS:of] .

u/LjL lgjf/0fnfO{ klxnf] k|fyldstf lbOg], ;fj{hlgs vr{nfO{ jfl~5t ;Ldfleq /fVg], u|fdL0f ljsf; a}+snfO{ cfTdlge{/ agfpg], :jb]zL tyf ljb]zL nufgLnfO{ k|f]T;fxg ul/g] x's'd x'Fb} df};"kmaf6 k|zf;gnfO{ hgd'vL / e/kbf]{ agfOg] s'/fdf hf]8 lbOaS:of] .

;fy} df};"kmaf6 lx+;f / cft+saf6 k|efljt hgtfsf] ;'/Iff, cfly{s, ;fdflhs, Gofo ;xh 9+un] lbnfpg PsLs[t ljsf; tyf ;'/Iff of]hgfsf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog ul/aS;g] s'/f klg x's'd ePsf] 5 .

df};"kmaf6 cfufdL cfly{s jif{leq df]6/af6f] gk'u]sf % lhNnfdf df]6/af6f] k'¥ofOg], ljkGg ju{sf] lxtnfO{ Wofg lbOg], :jf:Yo ;]jfnfO{ ;/nLs/0f ul/g] pNn]v ul/aS:of] .

>L % af :ylut P3f/f}+ ;fs{ ;Dd]ng cljnDa u/fpg / e"6fgL z/0ffyL{ ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ kxn ul/g] k|ltj4tf JoQm ul/aS:of] .

zfxL ;Daf]wgdfk{mt\ >L % sf] ;/sf/sf] jflif{s gLlt tyf sfo{qmd ;fj{hlgs ul/g] k/Dk/f /x]sf] 5 .

;/sf/sf] cfufdL gLlt tyf sfo{qmd ljutsf] gLlt tyf sfo{qmdsf] lg/Gt/tfsf] ?kdf /x]sf] 5 .

ljz]iftM gf/fo0flx6L /fhb/jf/df ePsf] csNkgLo 36gfkl5 zflGt ;'/Iff / ;]gfsf] e"ldsfsf af/]df ljleGg k|Zg pl7/x]sf] a]nf df};"kmaf6 zfxL ;Daf]wgdfk{mt\ zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfnfO{ a9L ;Ifd / e/kbf]{ agfO{ zflGt ;'/IffnfO{ bx|f] agfpg ljz]if kxn ul/g] egL JoQm ljrf/n] w]/}nfO{ ljZj:t t'NofPsf] cg'ej ul/Psf] 5 .

dfly


sf]O/fnfsf] /fhLgfdf s]n] c8\Sof] <

sf7df8f}+ . ;+;b\sf] aL;f}+ clwj]zg ;Fu;Fu} ;'? ePsf] k|wfgdGqLsf] /fhLgfdfsf] rrf{ k]ml/ ;]nfPsf] 5 . ut xKtf ;+;b\sf] klxnf] lbg ;+;b\nfO{ ;Daf]wg ub}{ rf}w a'Fb] sfo{qmd k|:t't ug]{ qmddf j[xb /fli6«o Pstfsf] lglDt cfk"mn] h'g;'s} Tofu klg ug{ tof/ ePsf] s'/f atfpg'ePkl5 k|wfgdGqLn] kbaf6 /fhLgfdf lbO{ bf];|f] k':tfnfO{ ;/sf/sf] g]t[Tj x:tfGt/0f ug]{ lgs} rrf{ rn]sf] lyof] .

k|wfgdGqL sf]O/fnfn] cfk"mn] ;Qf 5f]8\g] s'/fsf] ;+s]t ;+;b\df dfq lbg'ePsf] ge} cfˆgf dlGqkl/ifb\sf s]xL jl/i7 ;b:ox¿ ;dIf klg ug'{ePkl5 emg\ ;f] rrf{n] an kfPsf] lyof] .

t/ clxn] k|wfgdGqL >L sf]O/fnfnfO{ pxfFsf lgs6td\ s]xL ;xof]uLx¿n] kb g5f8\g ;Nnfx lbg'ePsf] a'lemPsf] 5 . clxn] b]zsf] kl/l:ylt ablnPsf] / st}af6 bafj gcfPsf] ;dodf k|wfgdGqLnfO{ kbaf6 x6L bf];|f] k':tfsf ;Ifd JolQmnfO{ ;/sf/sf] g]t[Tj ;'DkL cfˆgf] pbf/tf b]vfpg pko'Qm cj;/ x'g] s'/f pxfFsf csf{yl/ z'e–lrGtsx¿n] ;'emfj lbPsf] a'lemPsf] 5 .

rf}wa"Fb] sfo{qmd cufl8 ;fb}{ pxfFn] ;a} /fhg}lts bnx¿nfO{ ;xdlt / ;dembf/L lglDt ug'{ePsf] cfXjfgnfO{ lgs} ;sf/fTds 7fGg] /fhg}lts ljZn]ifsx¿n] k|wfgdGqLsf] kbdf sf] /xg], sf] g/xg] eGg] ljifo uf}0f ePsf] eGg] pxfFsf] 6LKk0fLnfO{ cy{k"0f{?kdf x]/]sf 5g\ .

ptf k|d'v k|ltkIfL bn g]skf Pdfn] tyf cGo ljkIfL kf6L{x¿n] zfxL ;Daf]wg / k]ZsL jh]6 kfl/t ePkl5 k|wfgdGqLsf] /fhLgfdf gcfP ;/sf/nfO{ c;xof]u ug]{ /0fgLlt clVtof/ug]{ ;+s]t lbPsf 5g\ . /fli6«o;efdf ;a}eGbf 7"nf] kf6L{sf] ?kdf :yflkt ePsf] Pdfn]sf] ;xof]u ljgf ;/sf/nfO{ cy{ljw]os afx]s cGo ljw]osx¿ kfl/t ug{ sl7gfO{ kg]{ ePsf] ;Gbe{df Pdfn]sf] bafjnfO{ ;Qf?9 bnn] klxn]sf] eGbf s]xL u+eL/?kdf lng'kg]{ b]lvG5 .

Pdfn]sf] wDsLnfO{ ;Qf ;fe]mbf/L ug]{ p;sf] /0fgLltsf] ?kdf lnOPsf] 5 . /fli6«o;efdf cfˆgf] jr{Zj sfod ug{ o;kfln Pdfn]n] cGo ;–;fgf afd kf6L{x¿nfO{ wf]vf lbP/ k"j{ k~rx¿sf] /fli6«o k|hftGq kf6L{;Fu wf}6L hf]8\g k'Ug'sf] /x:o klg ca v'Ng uPsf] ko{j]Ifsx¿ atfpF5g\ . ca Pdfn] sfFu|]; ;/sf/;Fu jfu]{lgË u/L ;Qf ;fe]mbf/Låf/f cfˆgf] efuzflGt ug]{ /0fgLltdf sfdofj x'g] ePsf] 5 .

o;/L sf]O/fnf ;/sf/sf ;fd" c? s7Lg /r'gf}ltk"0f{ lbgx¿ cfpg] lglZrt ePsf] 5 .

k|wfgdGqL sf]O/fnfn] ;a} /fhg}lts bnx¿;Fu ;dembf/L / ;dGjo /fv]/ sfd ug]{ l;nlznfdf cfhef]ln g} k|ltkIfL kf6L{sf g]tfx¿;Fu e]6]/ /fli6«o dxTjsf ljifodf 5nkmn ug'{x'g] a'lemPsf] 5 .

sfFu|];leqsf] c;Gt'i6 kIf >L sf]O/fnf;Fu /fhLgfdf dfUbf dfUbf yfls;s]sf] a'lemG5 . ;+;bLo bndf ce}m >L sf]O/fnfsf] ax'dt sfod /x]sf]n] c;Gt'i6 kIfsf] g]t[Tj ug]{ k"j{ k|wfgdGqL z]/axfb'/ b]pjfn] ca pxfF;Fu /fhLgfdf gdfUg] x'g'ePsf] 5 .

>L sf]O/fnfåf/f xfn} JoQm sygx¿af6 pxfFdf kbsf] df]x ca gePsf] a'lemPsf] 5 eg] pxfFn] /fhLgfdf lbg' pko'Qm ls kbdf al;/xg' pko'Qm eGg]af/] pxfFFs} ;xof]uLx¿df klg b'O{yl/ ljrf/ b]vfk/]sf]n] pxfF s]xL cndndf kg'{ePsf] a'lemPsf] 5 .

pxfFn] cfˆgf] efjL /0fgLltsfaf/] cfˆgf ;xof]uLx¿;Fu ljrf/ ljdz{ u/L cfufdL ;ftf ;Dddf :ki6 wf/0ff agfpg' x'g] cfzf ul/Psf] 5 .

dfly


cfufdL jh]6 ?= ! va{ gf£g]

sf7df8f}+ . cfly{s jif{ @)%*÷%( sf] lglDt >L % sf] ;/sf/sf] ah]6 ?= ! va{ @ ca{ hlt k'Ug] ljZjf; ul/Psf] 5 . cy{dGqL 8f= /fdz/0f dxtn] cfiff9 @%, @^ ut]lt/ gofF jh]6 k|:t't ug'{x'g] a'lemPsf] 5 .

cfufdL jh]6df /S;L, r'/f]6 h:tf dfbs kbfy{nfO{ xtf]T;fxL ug{ ltgdf nufOg] s/ a9fOg] of]hgf /x]sf] a'lemG5 .

;f] jh]6n] >L % sf] ;/sf/åf/f xfn} nfu" u/]sf] PsLs[t ljsf; tyf ;'/Iff cjwf/0ffnfO{ ;kmn?kdf sfof{Gjog ug{ ljz]if /sd 5'6\fpg]5 eg] u/LjL lgjf/0f sfo{qmddf ljz]if hf]8 lbg] a'lemPsf] 5 .

dfly


af9L klx/f]df k/L #^ sf] b'Mvb\ d[To'

sf7df8f}+ . wflb{ª lhNnfsf] ;Tob]lj uflj; j8f g=@ sfNr]t vf]nfsf] lz/yfn ufpFdf eLif0f klx/f]df k/L #^ hgf /f]kfxfx¿sf] d[To' ePsf] 5 .

v]tdf sfd u/]/ kmls{/x]sf v]tfnfx¿ kfgL sd ePkl5 hfg] ljrf/df ;'s'dfof tfdfªsf] 3/df cf]t nfu]/ a:bf cfPsf] klx/f]n] k'l/+bf ;a}sf] d[To' ePsf] lyof] .

klx/f]df k/L dg{]x¿df clwsfFz nfdf ;d'bfosf dflg;x¿ /x]sf] a'lemPsf] 5 . !% hgf dlxnf / !* hgf k'?if pQm klx/f]df k'l/Psf] s'/f u[x dGqfnon] hgfPsf] 5 .

wflbª lhNnfsf k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L g]qk|;fb zdf{sf cg';f/ klx/f]df k/L d[To' x'g]x¿df of]hf]d tfdfª, dfOnf tfdfª, rL/hf]g pjf{ nfdf, wd{]g tfdfª, z]Skf tfdfª, dn nfdf, zDe' kmf]Og]g nfdf, uj{] nfdf, yus] nfdf tdfª, z]/axfb'/ nfdf tfdfª, cfOt /fd nfdf, g/]z ;flx+nf, s6/L tfdfª, s[i0fb]jL dfof tfdfª, d?jtL nfdf, dfofjtL nfdf, d]grnd nfdf, kmfF;fjftL nfdf, pr{jtL nfdf, z's' nfdf, sGohf]d nfdf, sfnL nfdf, pr{no nfdf, lks] nfdf /x]sf 5g\ .

To:t} j8f g=& sf] Pp6f 3/ k'l/o/ of]hf]g, s'O/L / b]jLdfof, nLgnfdf d/]sf] / ;Tob]jL uflj;l:yt tfnn;f}/fof eGg] vf]nfdf ^) jifL{o 9f]l/ª tfdfª / pgsL >LdtL tyf #% jifL{o df]xg jfOjfnfO{ jufP/ nu]sf] 5 . k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L zdf{n] tfdfª / jfOjfsf] zj k]mnf kf/]sf] hfgsf/L lbO;Sg'ePsf] 5 .

pQm af9L–klx/f]sf sf/0f @* j6f ufO{j:t' d/]sf] klg u[x dGqfnon] hgfPsf] 5 .

;f] 36gfsf] lg/LIf0f ug{ u[x/fHodGqL xl/k|;fb ;fksf]6f wflbª If]q g+= ! sf ;f+;b a[l4/fd tfdfª, If]q g @ 8f ;f+;b /fdgfy clwsf/L / k|d'v lhNnf clws/L g]qk|;fb zdf{ x]lnsK6/af6 To;tk{m k|:yfg ug{'ePsf] 5 .

pQm af9L–klx/f]df k/L b'Mvb\ d[To' x'g]x¿sf] kl/jfnfO{ u[x dGqfnon] lhNnf b}jLk|sf]k p4f/ sf]ifaf6 bfxf;+:sf/ / /fxt :j?k b'O{nfv ?lkofF pknAw u/]sf] s'/f u[x dGqfnon] hgfPsf] 5 .

dfly


/fhLgfdf glbP ah]6 kf; x'g glbg] Pdfn]sf] wDsL

sf7df8f}+ . ;+;b\sf] aL;f}+ clwj]zg k|f/De ;Fu;Fu} k|wfgdGqL lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfn] k|:t't ug{' ePsf] rf}w a'Fb] k|:tfjn] Ps k6s pxfFsf lj/f]wLx¿nfO{ ;f]Rg afWo kf/] klg cGttM pxfFsf] /fhLgfdf ljkIfLx¿sf] c8fg kl/jt{g x'g] ;+s]t b]vfk/]sf] 5}g .

/fli6«o ;xdltsfnflu >L sf]O/fnfn] k|:t't ug{'ePsf] ;f] k|:tfjk|lt k|d'v k|ltkIfL bn g]skf Pdfn] ;sf/fTds b]lvPsf] eP klg ;f]sf] sfof{Gjogsfnflu klxnf] ;t{sf ?kdf >L sf]O/fnfn] /fhLgfdf lbg'kg{] dfu ub{} ljkIfL g]tf dfwjs'df/ g]kfnn] tTsfn c;xh kl/l:yltsf] ;+s]t lbO;Sg'ePsf] 5 .

k|d'v ljkIfL bn Pdfn]n] cfˆgf sf/0fn] geO{ :jo+ k|wfgdGqL sf]O/fnfsf sf/0fn] ;+;b a}7s cj?4 x'g;Sg] tYo cf}+NofpFb} tTsfn /fhLgfdf lbg'kg{] k"j{ c8fgk|lt eg] s]xL nrstf b]vfO{ ah]6 kf; x'g] cjlw;Dd ;/sf/nfO{ sfd ug{ lbg] ePsf] 5 .

To;f] t k|wfgdGqL sf]O/fnfn] b]zdf pTkGg ljifd kl/l:yltdf PSnf] k|of;n] dfq d'n's ;~rfng ug{ g;lsg] ePsfn] rf}w a"Fb] k|:tfj cl3 ;fb{} ;f] k|:tfjnfO{ ;a}n] :jLsf/ u/]df cfk"mn] h'g;'s} Tofu ug{ klg tof/ /x]sf] egL kbaf6 /fhLgfdf ug{ ;Sg] ;+s]t klg ug{'ePsf] lyof] . oltv]/ >L sf]O/fnf cfˆgf sf/0fn] ;+;b\ cj?4 gxf];\ eGg] kIfdf x'g'x'G5 . pxfFn] a? cfk"mn] /fhLgfdf lb+bf kl/l:ylt cg's"n x'G5 eGg] ;f] sbd cl3 a9fpg] egL cfkmGtx¿;Fu Psr/0fsf] s'/fsfgL ul/;Sg'ePsf] lyof] . t/ cfkmGtx¿n] s'g} xfntdf klg /fhLgfdf ug{ gx'g] egL s8f bjfj lbPkl5 >L sf]O/fnf k'gM cGof}ndf kg{'ePsf] dfq 5}g ls tTsfn /fhLgfdf glbg] d'8 agfpg'ePsf] s'/f pxfFsf] lgs6jtL{ ;"qn] hgfPsf] 5 .

>L sf]O/fnf nfp8f k|s/0fdf clVtfo/n] kq sf6\g] ljlQs} /fhLgfdf lbg tof/ x'g'ePsf] lyof] . Tolta]nf /fhLgfdf lbg'ePsf] eP pxfFsf] 5lj ljjfbd'Qm / pRr x'g] pxfFsf s]xL lxt}ifLx¿ atfpF5g\ . t/ ckmGthgx¿sf] bjfjn] ubf{ pxfFn] kl5 /fhLgfdf lbg] tof/L d'8 kl/jt{g ug{'k/]sf] lyof] . To;kl5sf lbg pxfFsfnflu ;'vb\ x'g ;s]g .

csf{]tk{m, ev{/} ;DkGg /fli6«o ;efsf] lgjf{rgn] /fk|kf sfFu|];b]lv 6fl9Psf] 5 eg] ;Qf?9 bn sfFu|]; /fli6«o ;efdf bf];|f] :yfgdf emg{'n] ca ;/sf/nfO{ ;+;bdf sfd ug{ yk c;'ljwf pTkGg x'g] ePsf] 5 . ljkIfLx¿sf] ;xof]u glnO{ /fli6«o ;efdf ;/sf/n] s'g} klg ljw]os kfl/t u/fpg ;Sg] l:ylt gePsfn] ca ;/sf/ a9L nlrnf] x'g'kg{] afWofTds kl/l:ylt pTkGg ePsf] 5 .

o; clwj]zgdf k'gM NofOPsf tLgj6f cWofb]z, ;/sf/sf] jflif{s gLlt tyf sfo{qmd / ah]6nfO{ kfl/t ug{'kg{] cj:yf 5 . t/ of] sfo{ oyfl:yltdf ;xh 5}g . clwj]zg k|f/De ePs} lbg ;/sf/n] k'gM NofOPsf tLgj6f cWofb]z ;+;b\df k]z ul/;s]sf] 5 . t/ tL cWofb]z lj?4 ;Dk"0f{ k|ltkIfL bnx¿n] c;xdltsf] ;"rgf btf{ u/fO;s]sf 5g\ . ;Dk"0f{ ljkIfLx¿n] ;fy glbPdf cWofb]z kfl/t x'g ;Sb}g . o; kl/l:yltnfO{ ;/sf/n] uDeL/tfk"j{s ljZn]if0f u/L pko'Qm lgZsif{df k'Ug'kg{] ePsf] 5 .

oltv]/ ;/sf/nfO{ cfˆg} kf6L{sf] c;Gt'i6 kIfaf6 vt/f 5}g . ljlxjf/sf] ;+;bLo bnsf] a}7sdf c;Gt'i6 kIfsf g]tf z]/axfb'/ b]pjfn] >L sf]O/fnflj?4 cljZjf; k|:tfj klg gNofpg] / /fhLgfdf klg gdfUg] ljrf/ JoQm ub{} :jlg0f{o ug{ ;fy} pTkGg ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg ug{ >L sf]O/fnfnfO{ ;xof]u ug{] k|ltj4tf JoQm ug{'ePsf] 5 . of] s'/f >L sf]O/fnfsf nflu ;'vb\ kIf xf] . t/ vt/f eg] clxn] ljkIfLx¿af6 ePsfn] /fli6«o ;xdltsf nflu pko'Qm kxn ug{' kb{5 . olb clxn] klg ;+;b cj?4 x'g] l:ylt cfof] eg] Tof] d'n's / k|hftGq s;}nfO{ klg lxtsf/ x'g] b]lvPsf] 5}g .

dfly


ca c;Gt'i6 kIfn] k|dsf] /fhLgfdf gdfUg]

sf7df8f}+ . ;Qf?9 g]kfnL sfFu|];sf] c;Gt'i6 kIfn] ca k|wfgdGqL lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfsf] /fhLgfdf gdfUg] ePsf] 5 .

k|d sf]O/fnfsf] /fhLgfdfsf nflu k6s k6s k|of; u/]klg c;kmn x'Fb} cfPsf] c;Gt'i6 ;d"xn] rfx]/ dfq k|wfgdGqLnfO{ x6fpg cfjZos ax'dt h'6fpg ;Sg] l:ylt gb]lvPkl5 /fhLgfdf gdfUg] lgZsif{df k'u]sf] 5 .

ljxLjf/ k|wfgdGqL lgjf; jfn'jf6f/df cfof]lht g]kfnL ;+;bLo bnsf] j}7sdf c;Gt'i6 kIfsf g]tf Pj+ k"j{ k|wfgdGqL z]/axfb'/ b]pjfn] :ki6 zAbdf eGg'eof]— ca d k|d lj?4 cfljZjf; k|:tfj Nofpg] kIfdf 5}g . d}n] pxfFnfO{ x6fpg tLg kN6 k|oTg u/+], t/ ;kmn eOg . ca cljZjf; k|:tfj NofpFlbg / /fhLgfdf klg dflUbg .

>L b]pjfn] d'n'sdf pTkGg ;d:ofsf] lgsf; :jo+ k|d sf]O/fnfn] vf]Hg'kg{] / To;sf nflu cfk"mn] ;xof]u ug{] argj4tf klg k|s6 ug{'eof] .

a}7sdf pkk|wfgdGqL /fdrGb| kf}8]nn] klg ;d:ofsf] plrt lgsf; vf]Hg k|wfgdGqL sf]O/fnfnfO{ cfu|x ug{'eof] .

k|d sf]O/fnf] b]zdf pTkGg ljifd kl/l:yltaf6 d'n'snfO{ d'Qm ug{ !$ a'Fb] k|:tfj cl3 ;fg{'ePsf] 5 . tL a"Fbfk|lt g]kfnL sfFu|];leq Ps dt b]lvPsf] 5 . >L sf]O/fnfn] !$ aF"b] k|:tfj sfof{Gjog ePsf] cfk"mn] h'g;'s} Tofu ug{ klg tof/ /x]sf] atfO;Sg' ePsf] 5 . To;n] ljkIfLx¿nfO{ klg cfZj:t kf/]sf] 5 . ;f] k|:tfjsf] 5nkmn ug{ jftf{ 6f]nL ;d]t alg;s]sf] 5 .

a}7sdf d'n'sdf pTkGg ;d:of /fli6«o ;xdltsf cfwf/df ;dfwfg ul/g'kg{] / ;+;b clwj]zgnfO{ k|ltkIfLx¿nfO{ xft lnP/rnfpg'kg{] ljrf/ JoQm ul/Psf] lyof] .

ljkIfLx¿n] ;+;b\ cj?4 u/]df dWofjlw r'gfjdf hfg] ls ghfg] eGg] ljifodf klg rrf{ ePsf]df clxnsf] l:yltdf dWofjlw r'gfj sfFu|]; / k|hftGqsfnflu pknlAwd"ns x'g g;Sg] ts{ k|:t't ul/Psf] lyof] .

dfly


Pdfn]sf sf/0f ;fgf afd ?i6

k|d'v ljkIfL bn g]skf Pdfn]n] cfˆgf ;xof]4f ;fgf afd kf6L{x¿nfO{ wf]sf lbO{ /fli6«o ;efdf cfˆgf] :jfy{k"lt{sfnflu /fk|kf;Fu ;fF7ufF7 u/]kl5 ljZjf;sf] ;+s6 a9]/ uPsf] 5 .

;fgf afd kf6L{x¿n] Pdfn] :jfyL{ / wf]s]jfh ePsf] cf/f]k nufpFb} ca Pdfn]l;t ldn]/ cfGbf]ng ug{'sf] s'g] cf}lrTo gePsf] atfPsf 5g\ .

ut !( cf}+ ;+;b clwj]zg / To;kl5 clxn];Dd Pdfn];Fu ;+o'Qm ?kdf cfGbf]ng ub{} cfPsf cGo afd kf6L{x¿nfO{ o;k6ssf] /fli6«o ;efsf] r'gfjdf Pdfn]n] g/fd|/L wf]sf lbO{ cfk"m dfq ;j{];jf{ ePkl5 ljZjf;sf] b"/L a9]sf] xf] .

Pdfn]n] rfx]sf] eP o;k6s /fli6«o ;efdf /fk|kfsf] ;§f Pshgf cGo afd ;f+;b /fli6«o ;efdf lgjf{lrt x'g;Sy] . t/ Pdfn]n] cGo afd kf6L{nfO{ /fli6«o ;efdf Nofpg rfx]g . p;n] cfˆgf] :jfy{sfnflu / cGo afd kf6L{x¿sf] cl:tTj ;dfKt kfg{ /fk|kfnfO{ ldq zlQm 7fgL ;xof]u u/]kl5 /fk|kfn] Psl;6 lhTg ;kmn eof] . Pdfn]n] cGo afd kf6L{x¿nfO{ gkTofpFbf casf efjL cfGbf]ng cufl8 a9fpg Pdfn]nfO{ c? afdsf] ;xof]u k|fKt gx'g] ePsf] 5  .

;+hdf], /fhdf] / g]dlskfsf g]tfx¿ ca Pdfn]af6 cnlUuP/ 5'§} cfGbf]ng ug{'kg{] lgZsif{df k'u]sf 5g\ .

Pdfn]sf] of] bf]wf/] rl/q / cj;/jfbL gLltn] ubf{ jf/Daf/ wf]sf vfFb} cfPsf ;fgf afdkf6L{x¿ ca o;/L eflj cfGbf]ngsf] /0fgLlt agfpg] egL uDeL/ jx;df h'6]sf 5g\ .

Pdfnsf] sf/0f vl08t x'g k'u]sf] ^ afdsf] cfGbf]ng ca cf}lrToxLg ;fljt ePsf] 5 . o;af6 ck|ToIf?kdf ;/sf/nfO{ kmfObf k'u]sf] l6Kk0fL /fhgLlts ljZn]ifsx¿sf] 5 .

dfly


;a}eGbf u/Lj g} e|i6frf/sf] df/df k5{g\

sf7df8f}+ . 6«fG;k]/]G;L OG6/g]zgnn] xfn} k|sflzt u/]sf] ei6«frf/;DaGwL ;"rsfFs cg';f/ ljZjsf ljs;Lt / cljs;Lt b'a} vfn] b]zx¿ e|i6frf/sf] bnbndf km;]sf] 5 / 6«fG;k]/]G;Ln] ;"lrs[t u/]sf (! b]zdWo] b'O{ ltxfOdf e|i6frf/ JofKt 5 . 6«fG;k]/]G;Ln] e|i6frf/xLg rf]vf] b]znfO{ !) c+s / pRr:t/Lo e|i6frf/ x'g] b]znfO{ % c+s lbPsf] 5 . To;df ( jf ;f] eGbf a9L c+s kfpg] e|i6frf/xLg b]zx¿df lkmgNof08, 8]gdfs{, Go"hLn]08, cfO;Nof08 l;+ufk'/ / :jL]8]g k5{g\ .

e|i6frf/sf] klxnf] gDa/df a+unfb]z -)=$_ k5{ eg] # jf ;f] eGbf sd c+s kfpg] pRr e|i6frf/sf] >]0fLdf kg{] /fi6«x¿df qmdzM gfOh]l/of, puf08f, OG8f]g]l;of, s]Gof, Sofd?g, af]lnleof / ch/j}hfg k5{g\ .

blIf0f PlzofnL b]zx¿df j+unfb]z afx]s kfls:tfg -@=#_ / ef/t -@=&_ klg c+s % eGbf d'lg cyf{t\ a9L e|i6frf/ x'g] b]zx¿sf] ;"rLdf k5{ .

æ;fj{hlgs kbdf a:g]x¿n] ug{] kbsf] b'?kof]usf] cGTo x'g] s'g} 5fF6 b]lv+b}g / e|i6frf/sf] tx ljsfzf]Gd'v dfq x}g ljsl;t /fi6¿x¿df klg Tolt g} pRr 5 .Æ 6«fG;k]/]G;L OG6/g]znsf cWoIf lk6/ Ougn k]l/zdf a'wjf/ cfof]lht e|i6frf/ ;DaGwL ;"rsf+s @))! sf] k|:t'tLsf cj;/df af]Nb} eGg'eof] .

u/LjL / e|i6frf/aLrsf] 3lgi7 ;DaGw of] gofF ;"rsf+sn] bzf{pFb eGb} pxfFn] cfdfafj'n] sd cfo ePsf lzIfsx¿nfO{ cfˆgf 5f]/f5f]/Lsf] lzIffsf lglDt 3'; Vjfpg' kg{] l:yltsf] pbfx/0f k]z ug{'eof] .

ljZjsf ;a}eGbf u/Lj JolQmx¿ g} e|i6frf/sf] lzsf/ x'g] u/]sf] s'/f pxfFn] atfpg'eof] .

e|i6 clwsf/Lx¿n] k|;:t dfqfdf ;fj{hlgs sf]if b"?kof]u ug{] jf rf]g{] u/]sf 5g\, pxfFn] eGg'eof] .

t/ g]kfnsf] ;DaGwdf e|i6frf/ ;"rsf+s eg] tof/ gul/Psf] a'lemg cfPsf] 5 .

;+qmd0fsfndf /x]sf b]zx¿ vf;u/L k"j{ ;f]leot ;+3sf ;b:ox¿ e|i6frf/df cu|k+lQmdf 5g\ . ltgdf shfv:tfg, pHj]ls:tfg, /l;of, ?dflgof pq]mg / ch/j}hfgn] c+s # jf ;f]eGbf klg sd c+s xfl;n u/]sf] 5 .

;+o'Qm/fHo cd]l/sfsf] c+s *=#, a]nfotsf] *=#, hd{gLsf] &=$, hfkfgsf] &=! / rLgsf] #=% 5 .

PrcfOeL P8\;n] clk|msf tyf cGo b]zx¿df bzf}+ nfv JolQmx¿sf] Hofg lnO/x]sf] cj:yfdf tL b]zx¿df e|i6frf/sf] dfqf a9\g'n] ;d:of c? ljs/fn b]lvG5 lk6/ Ogn eGg'x'G5 . wgL b]zx¿n] /f]un] u|:t dflg;x¿nfO{ pgLx¿sf] Ifdtfn] wfGg] d"Nodf cf}iflw pkrf/ ;'ljwf pknAw u/fO/x]sf] cj:yfdf u/Lj b]zxsf e|i6 ;/sf/x¿n] cfˆg} hgtfsf] ;DklQ rf]g{ x'Gg eGg] s'/fdf pxfF hf]8 lbg'x'G5 .

o;}aLr 6«fG;k]/]G;L OG6/g]zgnn] g]kfndf e|i6frf/ ;DaGwdf cWoog u/L tof/ kf/]sf] ljZj e|i6frf/ ;e]{If0f cGtu{tsf] g]kfn;DaGwL /fli6«o k|ltj]bg tof/e} lb lgb/Nof08;\sf] xfn} ;DkGg 6«fG;k]/]G;Lsf] k|:t't ul/Psf] a'lemPsf] 5 .

Unf]jn kmf]/d @ df jl/i7 kqsf/ /fds[i0f /]UdLn] 6«fG;k]/]G;Lsf] lglDt tof/ kfl/lbg'ePsf] ;f] ! ;o %) k]hsf] k|ltj]bgdf g]kfndf x/]s If]qdf x'g] u/]sf] e|i6frf/ ;DaGwdf ;lj:tf/ j0f{g ul/Psf] a'lemPsf] 5 . ;f] k|ltj]bg s]xL ;dokl5 ;fj{hlgs ul/g] s'/f 6«fG;k]/]G;Lsf] g]kfnl:yt sfof{noaf6 yfxf ePsf] 5 .

dfly


>L bLlIft /f=;efdf lgjf{lrt

sf7df8f}+ . /fli6«o;efdf Pdfn]sf tk{maf6 lgjf{lrt sf7df8f}+sf dx]zdl0f bLlIft o; ;fKtflxsdf nfdf] ;dob]lv ;Da4 :tDesf/ x'g'x'G5 .

nfdf] /fhg}lts hLjg / kqsfl/tf If]qdf klg of]ubfg lbg'ePsf >L bLlIft /fli6«o;efdf lgo'Qm x'g'ePsf]df o; hGde"ld ;fKtflxs pxfFnfO{ xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{5 .

;fy} pxfFsf] /fli6«o;ef ;b:osf] sfo{sfn ;kmn /xf];\ egL o; ;fKtflxs xflb{s sfdgf ub{5 .

dfly


k]ml/ g]kfn aGbsf] 3f]if0ffn] hgtf cGof}ndf

sf7df8f}+ . gf/fo0fxL6L kj{n] pTkGg ljifd kl/l:yltnfO{ Wofgdf /flv zflGt / ;'Joj:yf sfod ug{ ;/sf/n] ;fj{hlgs ;'/Iff lgodfjnL @)%* nfu" u/]kl5 ;f]sf] lj?4 dfcf]jfbLx¿n] oxL c;f/ @* ut] g]kfn aGbsf] cfXjfg u/]sf 5g\ .

;f] ;'/Iff lgodfjnLsf] w]/} If]qaf6 cfnf]rgf eP klg pBdL, Joj;foL tyf hg ;fwf/0fn] ;sf/fTds ?kdf lnPsf 5g\ eg] ;/sf/n] of] lgodfjnL unt k|of]hgsfnflu gNofOPsf] :ki6 u/]sf] 5 .

gf/fo0flx6L kj{af6 cg'lrt kmfObf p7fpg u0ftGqsf] gfddf hgtfnfO{ cfslif{t ug{ dfcf]jfbL g]t[Tjn] b]z JofkL?kdf clxn] lx+;fTds ultljlwnfO{ k'gM cufl8 a9fPsf 5 .

dfcf]jfbL cftÍsf sf/0f hghLjg q:t ag]sf] 5 . hgtfnfO{ cftlÍt t'NofO{ g]kfn aGb ug{] dfcf]jfbLsf] of]hgfnfO{ c;kmn kfg{ ;/sf/n] cfˆgf] ;'/Iff Joj:yfnfO{ s8f kfg{] ;f]r agfPsf] 5 .

ljxLjf/ dfcf]jfbLx¿n] /fhwfgLsf] Jo:t 7fpF dlR5Gb|jxfn cufl8 rf/j6f t'nad /fvL hghLjgnfO{ c:tJo:t kfg{] sfd u/]sf 5g\ . dfcf]jfbLsf] of] sfo{nfO{ hgtfn] k6Ss} dg k/fPsf 5}gg\ .

dfcf]jfbLx¿sf] lx+;fTds ultljlw /fhwfgLdf a9]sf]df lrGtf JoQm ug{ yflnPsf] 5 .

w]/} kIfaf6 ;fj{hlgs ;'/Iff lgodfjnLsf] lj/f]w eO/x]sf] ;Gbe{df To;sf] k|ToIf nfe p7fpg dfcf]jfbLn] cfXjfg u/]sf] o;k6ssf] g]kfnaGb sfo{nfO{ eg] s;}n] klg ;xfg'e"lt b]vfPsf] 5}gg\ .

aGb / lj/f]w sfo{qmdaf6 hghLjg k|ToIf?kdf k|efljt eO/x]sf] 5 . lbgx'F kl/>d u/]/ ljxfg j]n'sLsf] ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{] ju{nfO{ o;af6 ;a}eGbf g/fd|f] c;/ k/]sf] ;Gbe{nfO{ lnP/ ;f] lgodfjnLn] ;dfh / /fi6«nfO{ g} c;/ kfg{] aGb tyf lj/f]w sfo{qmdnfO{ aGb ug{] ;f]r agfPsf] 5 . t/ lgodfjnLn] hgtfsf] lj/f]w ug{ kfpg] clwsf/nfO{ eg] vf];]sf] 5}g .

;f] lgdfjnLsf] lj/f]wdf dfcf]jfbLx¿n] cfXjfg u/]sf] g]kfnaGb sfo{qmdnfO{ s;}n] klg ;fy lbg gx'g] / o:tf sfo{qmdnfO{ ;a}n] lg?T;flxt ug{'kg{] dfu ;j{q eO/x]sf] 5 . hgtfsf] efjgf ljk/Lt dfcf]jfbLx¿n] eg] emg\ [pu|tf k|bz{g ug{] ;+s]t b]vfPsf 5g\ .

/fhwfgLdf gf/f, h'n';, cklQhgs kf]i6l/ª ug{], ad lj:kmf]6 u/fpg] sfo{ ul//x]sf 5g\ . k|rf/fTds sfo{qmdsf ?kdf c;f/ @@ ut] ;Dd cufl8 a9fpg] / @# b]lv @& ut];Dd hgsf/jfxL ug{] 3f]if0ff u/]sf 5g\ . o;af6 hgtfdf yk cGof}n l;h{gf ePsf] 5 .

dfly